read cullen and make notes

2 files changed, 57 insertions, 8 deletions

diff --git a/assignment2/potential-effects.tex b/assignment2/potential-effects.tex
index 3d1cad3..d6a09fb 100644
--- a/assignment2/potential-effects.tex
+++ b/assignment2/potential-effects.tex
@@ -8,6 +8,51 @@
 % water from the river and discharge wastewater from the plant back into
 % the waterway.
 
+
+NZ water problems \parencite{cullen}:
+
+- agricultural irrigation increased by 55\% per decade
+- water quality:
+  - non-point sources (e.g. nutrient run-off)
+  - access to waterways by cattle
+  - urban develpment
+  - forestry
+
+- water management through regional councils:
+  - regional policy statements + regional plans
+  - unless authorised by plan discharges require resource consents
+  
+impact of agriculture on water:
+
+- primary source of non-point discharges
+  - application of fertiliser and pesticides
+  - discharges from the soil and animals
+  - materials move into surface and groundwater at higher rates than usual
+- discharge from animals increases E. coli concentrations
+- 
+
+
+monitoring / significance implications:
+- lack of reliable data against which to draw conclusions for key parameters in all regions
+- lack of approved plans relating to water in some regions
+  - require councils to set realistic goals and objectives; difficult
+    because has to reconcile urban recreational and environmental
+    requirements with rural economic demands
+  - too little policy direction from central government
+- even without these plans, councils must process resource consent applications
+- lack of monitoring and enforcement
+  - low compliance
+  - impossible to determine the efficacy of management practices
+- limited knowledge on how to best deal with non-point source discharges
+- little knowledge about what the community wants and expects wrt water management
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
 - water allocation
   - 10,000 cubic metres
 - wastewater discharge
diff --git a/assignment2/references.bib b/assignment2/references.bib
index 56a3212..6fa1336 100644
--- a/assignment2/references.bib
+++ b/assignment2/references.bib
@@ -1,13 +1,17 @@
-@article{beattie,
-  title={Everything you already know about {EIA} (but don't often admit).},
-  pages={109--114},
-  journal={Environmental Impact Assessment Review},
-  author={Beattie, Robert B.},
-  year={1995},
-  volume={15},
-  number={2}
+@article{cullen,
+  title={{N}ew {Z}ealand freshwater management and agricultural impacts},
+  pages={327--346},
+  journal={The Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics},
+  author={Cullen, C. and Hughey, K. and Kerr, G.},
+  year={2006},
+  volume={50},
+  doi={10.1111/j.1467-8489.2006.00338.x}
 }
 
+
+
+
+
 @article{wilkins,
   title={The need for subjectivity in {EIA}: discourse as a tool for sustainable development},
   pages={401--414},