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author | rekado <rekado@elephly.net> | 2013-04-05 15:21:14 +0800 |
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committer | rekado <rekado@elephly.net> | 2013-04-05 15:21:14 +0800 |
commit | 729408e8c0ea543c359dd23c22894a564f60c6cc (patch) | |
tree | fa1d5b47856b0dcdc4259d15d2150a14d37ba3bf /assignment1/discussion.tex | |
parent | 76a9d07971a14d1c5b2322c207fa0f93622efb9f (diff) |
clean up
Diffstat (limited to 'assignment1/discussion.tex')
-rw-r--r-- | assignment1/discussion.tex | 66 |
1 files changed, 21 insertions, 45 deletions
diff --git a/assignment1/discussion.tex b/assignment1/discussion.tex index 8730545..489f905 100644 --- a/assignment1/discussion.tex +++ b/assignment1/discussion.tex @@ -42,38 +42,28 @@ increases the likelihood of poor quality applications to be granted. Although the use of objective measurements and scientific methodology is considered EIA best practice \parencite{principles}, EIA is neither -science nor is it an objective process. - -% TODO: not science: predictions made on the basis of very limited inputs - -As environmental impact statements are produced by project proponents -with the goal to convince decision-makers of the benefits of the -project in question, the report is a subjective statement or even a -piece of project advocacy \parencite{TODO}. In recognition of this -inherent bias, the EIA process calls for the participation of the -general public, in particular the participation of affected -individuals or interest groups \parencite{wilkins}. +science nor is it an objective process. As environmental impact +statements are produced by project proponents with the goal to +convince decision-makers of the benefits of the project in question, +the report is a subjective statement or even a piece of project +advocacy \parencite{TODO}. In recognition of this inherent bias, the +EIA process calls for the participation of the general public, in +particular the participation of affected individuals or interest +groups \parencite{wilkins}. It is therefore rather disappointing that even in recent reviews of international EIA practise, public participation remains on a fairly -low level \parencite{eia-state-of-the-art}. According to -\textcite{RMIT University \& UNU Online Learning. (n.d). Environmental -Impact Assessment Open Educational Resource.} ``there is little -opportunity throughout the process of EIA for the public to be -involved; where involvement is possible it is often limited due to -lack of resources (time and expertise)''. +low level \parencite{eia-state-of-the-art}. Some of the main barriers +to public participation cited by \textcite{eia-state-of-the-art} are: +poor knowledge of the public about the process; poor provision of +information; failure to influence the decision-making process; poor +execution of participation methods; and regulatory constraints. As a +review of resource consent processing performance in New Zealand +indicates, especially the latter three are significant obstacles to +public participation in New Zealand \parencite{TODO}. % TODO % - opportunities for public involvement? -Some of the main barriers to public participation cited by -\textcite{eia-state-of-the-art} are: poor knowledge of the public -about the process; poor provision of information; failure to influence -the decision-making process; poor execution of participation methods; -and regulatory constraints. As a review of resource consent processing -performance in New Zealand indicates, especially the latter three are -significant obstacles to public participation in New -Zealand \parencite{TODO}. % TODO - According to the 2010/11 survey of local authorities the New Zealand Ministry for the Environment carries out every two years, only about 6 per cent of all resource consents in the two-year period were notified @@ -111,6 +101,9 @@ used in the past to successfully overcome this limitation for individual projects that require multiple resources consent applications to be considered \parencite{fookes}. +% - screening is political because it depends on the values of those +% who perform the screening; public participation in plan development? + When the cumulative effects of more than one proposal are to be considered, ... need coverage by plan/policies at national/regional level + monitoring. @@ -127,6 +120,7 @@ level + monitoring. the assessment of future projects \parencite{follow-up} + \subsection{EIA at the policy level} ``Environmental Assessment in a Changing World'' (EAE\_10E.PDF, Sadler) @@ -158,23 +152,5 @@ level + monitoring. also seems to apply for NZ resource consents: - only a little more than half a percent of all resource consents are declined \parencite{rma-survey} - - - -\subsection{Scratch} - -\parencite{beattie}: - - cannot be science because it makes predictions based on very limited data - - EIAs are always political because they are part of a decision-making process - - EIAs are necessary because they add valuable information to public - discussions on specific proposals - -- poor communication - failure to predict important impacts - -The following is from \textcite{RMIT University \& UNU Online Learning. (n.d). Environmental -Impact Assessment Open Educational Resource.}: - -- screening is political because it depends on the values of those who perform the screening - -checklist from \textcite{intl-perspective}
\ No newline at end of file +- poor communication
\ No newline at end of file |