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Law, Policy and Institutional Arrangements" href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=28"> +<meta name="generator" content="WordPress 2.8.4"> + +<script src="Environmental%20Impact%20Assessment%20Course%20Module%20%C2%BB%202-3%20EIA%20Policy%20and%20Legislation_files/urchin.js" type="text/javascript"> +</script> +<script type="text/javascript"> + _uacct = "UA-254067-1"; +urchinTracker(); +</script> +</head> +<body> + + +<!-- this is by kouji . system header start ----------- --------------------------------------------> + +<div id="main"> +<div id="header"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=173"><img src="Environmental%20Impact%20Assessment%20Course%20Module%20%C2%BB%202-3%20EIA%20Policy%20and%20Legislation_files/logo.jpg" alt="Environmental Impact Assessment - Course Module" height="104" width="957"></a></div> +<!-- end header --> + +<!-- begin sidebar --> + <div id="nav"> +<ul id="navul"> + <li class="page_item page-item-148"><span><a class="h" href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=148" title="Welcome">Welcome</a></span> +<ul style="overflow: hidden; height: 0px;"> + <li class="page_item page-item-173"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=173" title="Course Introduction">Course Introduction</a></li> + <li class="page_item page-item-174"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=174" title="Help us to be sustainable">Help us to be sustainable</a></li> +</ul> +</li> +<li class="page_item page-item-25"><span><a class="h" href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=25" title="1. Background">1. Background</a></span> +<ul style="overflow: hidden; height: 0px;"> + <li class="page_item page-item-145"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=145" title="1-1 Background">1-1 Background</a></li> + <li class="page_item page-item-93"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=93" title="1-2 Purpose and aims of EIA">1-2 Purpose and aims of EIA</a> + <ul> + <li class="page_item page-item-149"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=149" title="Activity 1A – Introduction to EIA">Activity 1A – Introduction to EIA</a></li> + </ul> +</li> + <li class="page_item page-item-97"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=97" title="1-3 Nature and Scope of environmental issues and impacts">1-3 Nature and Scope of environmental issues and impacts</a></li> + <li class="page_item page-item-100"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=100" title="1-4 Principles of EIA administration and practice">1-4 Principles of EIA administration and practice</a></li> + <li class="page_item page-item-101"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=101" title="1-5 Key elements of the EIA process">1-5 Key elements of the EIA process</a> + <ul> + <li class="page_item page-item-150"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=150" title="Activity 1B – Introduction to EIA Practice">Activity 1B – Introduction to EIA Practice</a></li> + </ul> +</li> + <li class="page_item page-item-102"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=102" title="1-6 Costs and benefits of EIA">1-6 Costs and benefits of EIA</a></li> + <li class="page_item page-item-175"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=175" title="1-7 Summary">1-7 Summary</a></li> +</ul> +</li> +<li class="page_item page-item-28 current_page_ancestor current_page_parent"><span><a class="h" href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=28" title="2. Law, Policy and Institutional Arrangements">2. Law, Policy and Institutional Arrangements</a></span> +<ul style="overflow: hidden; height: 297px;"> + <li class="page_item page-item-146"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=146" title="2-1 Introduction">2-1 Introduction</a></li> + <li class="page_item page-item-109"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=109" title="2-2 About EIA Systems">2-2 About EIA Systems</a></li> + <li class="page_item page-item-110 current_page_item"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=110" title="2-3 EIA Policy and Legislation">2-3 EIA Policy and Legislation</a> + <ul> + <li class="page_item page-item-151"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=151" title="Activity 2A – EIA Systems, Policy and Legislation">Activity 2A – EIA Systems, Policy and Legislation</a></li> + </ul> +</li> + <li class="page_item page-item-111"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=111" title="2-4 EIA Requirements of International Organisations">2-4 EIA Requirements of International Organisations</a></li> + <li class="page_item page-item-112"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=112" title="2-5 Principles for a Functional EIA System">2-5 Principles for a Functional EIA System</a> + <ul> + <li class="page_item page-item-154"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=154" title="Assignment 1 – Legal Requirements for EIA.">Assignment 1 – Legal Requirements for EIA.</a></li> + <li class="page_item page-item-152"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=152" title="Activity 2B – Localisation of EIA Legislation">Activity 2B – Localisation of EIA Legislation</a></li> + </ul> +</li> + <li class="page_item page-item-87"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=87" title="2-6 Summary">2-6 Summary</a></li> +</ul> +</li> +<li class="page_item page-item-29"><span><a class="h" href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=29" title="3. Public involvement">3. Public involvement</a></span> +<ul style="overflow: hidden; height: 0px;"> + <li class="page_item page-item-179"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=179" title="3-1 Introduction">3-1 Introduction</a></li> + <li class="page_item page-item-129"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=129" title="3-2 What is public involvement?">3-2 What is public involvement?</a></li> + <li class="page_item page-item-130"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=130" title="3-3 Stakeholders involved">3-3 Stakeholders involved</a></li> + <li class="page_item page-item-131"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=131" title="3-4 Principles of public involvement">3-4 Principles of public involvement</a> + <ul> + <li class="page_item page-item-153"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=153" title="Activity 3A – Public Involvement Principles">Activity 3A – Public Involvement Principles</a></li> + </ul> +</li> + <li class="page_item page-item-132"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=132" title="3-5 Scope of involvement">3-5 Scope of involvement</a></li> + <li class="page_item page-item-133"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=133" title="3-6 Planning a public involvement programme">3-6 Planning a public involvement programme</a></li> + <li class="page_item page-item-134"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=134" title="3-7 Public involvement techniques">3-7 Public involvement techniques</a> + <ul> + <li class="page_item page-item-155"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=155" title="Activity 3B – Public Involvement Practice">Activity 3B – Public Involvement Practice</a></li> + </ul> +</li> + <li class="page_item page-item-135"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=135" title="3-8 Arguments for and against public involvement">3-8 Arguments for and against public involvement</a></li> + <li class="page_item page-item-180"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=180" title="3-9 Summary">3-9 Summary</a></li> +</ul> +</li> +<li class="page_item page-item-30"><span><a class="h" href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=30" title="4. Screening">4. Screening</a></span> +<ul style="overflow: hidden; height: 0px;"> + <li class="page_item page-item-181"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=181" title="4-1 Introduction">4-1 Introduction</a></li> + <li class="page_item page-item-136"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=136" title="4-2 Screening procedure">4-2 Screening procedure</a></li> + <li class="page_item page-item-137"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=137" title="4-3 Project lists for screening">4-3 Project lists for screening</a></li> + <li class="page_item page-item-138"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=138" title="4-4 Preliminary EIA">4-4 Preliminary EIA</a> + <ul> + <li class="page_item page-item-156"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=156" title="Activity 4A – Screening Basics">Activity 4A – Screening Basics</a></li> + </ul> +</li> + <li class="page_item page-item-139"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=139" title="4-5 Other types of Screening">4-5 Other types of Screening</a></li> + <li class="page_item page-item-86"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=86" title="4-6 Criteria for the determination of the need for, and level of, EIA">4-6 Criteria for the determination of the need for, and level of, EIA</a> + <ul> + <li class="page_item page-item-157"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=157" title="Activity 4A – Screening Exercise">Activity 4A – Screening Exercise</a></li> + </ul> +</li> + <li class="page_item page-item-182"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=182" title="4-7 Summary">4-7 Summary</a></li> +</ul> +</li> +<li class="page_item page-item-31"><span><a class="h" href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=31" title="5. Scoping">5. Scoping</a></span> +<ul style="overflow: hidden; height: 0px;"> + <li class="page_item page-item-185"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=185" title="5-1 Introduction">5-1 Introduction</a></li> + <li class="page_item page-item-140"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=140" title="5-2 Purpose of scoping">5-2 Purpose of scoping</a></li> + <li class="page_item page-item-141"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=141" title="5-3 Approaches to scoping">5-3 Approaches to scoping</a></li> + <li class="page_item page-item-142"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=142" title="5-4 Scoping methods">5-4 Scoping methods</a> + <ul> + <li class="page_item page-item-158"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=158" title="Activity 5A – Scoping Basics">Activity 5A – Scoping Basics</a></li> + </ul> +</li> + <li class="page_item page-item-143"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=143" title="5-5 Alternatives and tiering">5-5 Alternatives and tiering</a> + <ul> + <li class="page_item page-item-159"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=159" title="Activity 5B – Scoping in Practice">Activity 5B – Scoping in Practice</a></li> + </ul> +</li> + <li class="page_item page-item-144"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=144" title="5-6 EIA Terms of Reference">5-6 EIA Terms of Reference</a> + <ul> + <li class="page_item page-item-160"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=160" title="Assignment 2 – Scoping Study">Assignment 2 – Scoping Study</a></li> + </ul> +</li> + <li class="page_item page-item-184"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=184" title="5-7 Summary">5-7 Summary</a></li> +</ul> +</li> +<li class="page_item page-item-32"><span><a class="h" href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=32" title="6. Impact analysis">6. Impact analysis</a></span> +<ul style="overflow: hidden; height: 0px;"> + <li class="page_item page-item-121"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=121" title="6-1 Implications of the widening environment and sustainability agenda">6-1 Implications of the widening environment and sustainability agenda</a></li> + <li class="page_item page-item-122"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=122" title="6-2 Impact Identification">6-2 Impact Identification</a></li> + <li class="page_item page-item-123"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=123" title="6-3 Impact Analysis/Prediction">6-3 Impact Analysis/Prediction</a> + <ul> + <li class="page_item page-item-191"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=191" title="Activity 6A – Impact Analysis Basics">Activity 6A – Impact Analysis Basics</a></li> + </ul> +</li> + <li class="page_item page-item-186"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=186" title="6-4 Characteristics of environmental impacts">6-4 Characteristics of environmental impacts</a> + <ul> + <li class="page_item page-item-192"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=192" title="Activity 6B – Impact Characterisation">Activity 6B – Impact Characterisation</a></li> + </ul> +</li> + <li class="page_item page-item-124"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=124" title="6-5 Social Impact Assessment">6-5 Social Impact Assessment</a></li> + <li class="page_item page-item-125"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=125" title="6-6 Evaluation of impact significance">6-6 Evaluation of impact significance</a></li> + <li class="page_item page-item-126"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=126" title="6-7 Significance Criteria">6-7 Significance Criteria</a> + <ul> + <li class="page_item page-item-161"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=161" title="Activity 6C – Impact Significance Assessment">Activity 6C – Impact Significance Assessment</a></li> + </ul> +</li> + <li class="page_item page-item-128"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=128" title="6-8 Summary">6-8 Summary</a></li> +</ul> +</li> +<li class="page_item page-item-33"><span><a class="h" href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=33" title="7. Mitigation and Impact Management">7. Mitigation and Impact Management</a></span> +<ul style="overflow: hidden; height: 0px;"> + <li class="page_item page-item-117"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=117" title="7-1 Link between EIA process and Mitigation">7-1 Link between EIA process and Mitigation</a></li> + <li class="page_item page-item-118"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=118" title="7-2 Main Elements of Mitigation">7-2 Main Elements of Mitigation</a> + <ul> + <li class="page_item page-item-162"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=162" title="Activity 7A – Mitigation Basics">Activity 7A – Mitigation Basics</a></li> + </ul> +</li> + <li class="page_item page-item-188"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=188" title="7-3 Approaches to Mitigation">7-3 Approaches to Mitigation</a> + <ul> + <li class="page_item page-item-193"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=193" title="Activity 7B – Mitigation of Specific Impacts">Activity 7B – Mitigation of Specific Impacts</a></li> + </ul> +</li> + <li class="page_item page-item-120"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=120" title="7-4 Environmental Management Plan and Mitigation Measures">7-4 Environmental Management Plan and Mitigation Measures</a> + <ul> + <li class="page_item page-item-163"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=163" title="Assignment 3 – Impact Assessment and Mitigation">Assignment 3 – Impact Assessment and Mitigation</a></li> + </ul> +</li> + <li class="page_item page-item-187"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=187" title="7-5 Summary and Conclusions">7-5 Summary and Conclusions</a></li> +</ul> +</li> +<li class="page_item page-item-34"><span><a class="h" href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=34" title="8. EIA Reporting">8. EIA Reporting</a></span> +<ul style="overflow: hidden; height: 0px;"> + <li class="page_item page-item-113"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=113" title="8-1 What is an EIA Report?">8-1 What is an EIA Report?</a></li> + <li class="page_item page-item-114"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=114" title="8-2 Typical Elements of an EIA Report">8-2 Typical Elements of an EIA Report</a> + <ul> + <li class="page_item page-item-164"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=164" title="Activity 8A. EIA Reporting Basics">Activity 8A. EIA Reporting Basics</a></li> + </ul> +</li> + <li class="page_item page-item-115"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=115" title="8-3 Shortcomings encountered in Preparing EIA Reports">8-3 Shortcomings encountered in Preparing EIA Reports</a></li> + <li class="page_item page-item-116"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=116" title="8-4 Guidelines for effective EIA report preparation and production">8-4 Guidelines for effective EIA report preparation and production</a> + <ul> + <li class="page_item page-item-165"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=165" title="Activity 8B – The Non-Technical Summary/Executive Summary">Activity 8B – The Non-Technical Summary/Executive Summary</a></li> + <li class="page_item page-item-166"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=166" title="Activity 8C – EIA Reporting Practice">Activity 8C – EIA Reporting Practice</a></li> + </ul> +</li> +</ul> +</li> +<li class="page_item page-item-35"><span><a class="h" href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=35" title="9. Review of EIA Quality">9. Review of EIA Quality</a></span> +<ul style="overflow: hidden; height: 0px;"> + <li class="page_item page-item-104"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=104" title="9-1 Role and Purpose of the EIA Review Process">9-1 Role and Purpose of the EIA Review Process</a></li> + <li class="page_item page-item-105"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=105" title="9-2 Need for a Systematic Approach">9-2 Need for a Systematic Approach</a></li> + <li class="page_item page-item-106"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=106" title="9-3 Procedural Aspects">9-3 Procedural Aspects</a></li> + <li class="page_item page-item-108"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=108" title="9-4 Main Steps in the EIA Review">9-4 Main Steps in the EIA Review</a> + <ul> + <li class="page_item page-item-167"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=167" title="Activity 9A – EIA Quality Basics">Activity 9A – EIA Quality Basics</a></li> + </ul> +</li> + <li class="page_item page-item-107"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=107" title="9-5 Carrying out the review">9-5 Carrying out the review</a> + <ul> + <li class="page_item page-item-168"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=168" title="Activity 9B – EIA Report Quality Assessment Exercise">Activity 9B – EIA Report Quality Assessment Exercise</a></li> + </ul> +</li> + <li class="page_item page-item-103"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=103" title="9-6 Procedures for Evaluating EIA Reports">9-6 Procedures for Evaluating EIA Reports</a> + <ul> + <li class="page_item page-item-169"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=169" title="Assignment 4 – Essay/Project">Assignment 4 – Essay/Project</a></li> + </ul> +</li> + <li class="page_item page-item-189"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=189" title="9-7 Summary">9-7 Summary</a></li> +</ul> +</li> +<li class="page_item page-item-38"><span><a class="h" href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=38" title="10. Decision-making">10. Decision-making</a></span> +<ul style="overflow: hidden; height: 0px;"> + <li class="page_item page-item-98"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=98" title="10-1 Role of the Decision-makers">10-1 Role of the Decision-makers</a></li> + <li class="page_item page-item-99"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=99" title="10-2 EIA as part of the Decision-making Process">10-2 EIA as part of the Decision-making Process</a> + <ul> + <li class="page_item page-item-170"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=170" title="Activity 10A – Decision-making: Procedural Considerations">Activity 10A – Decision-making: Procedural Considerations</a></li> + </ul> +</li> + <li class="page_item page-item-96"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=96" title="10-3 Responsibility of the Decision-Makers">10-3 Responsibility of the Decision-Makers</a></li> + <li class="page_item page-item-94"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=94" title="10-4 Summary">10-4 Summary</a></li> +</ul> +</li> +<li class="page_item page-item-39"><span><a class="h" href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=39" title="11. Implementation and Follow-up">11. Implementation and Follow-up</a></span> +<ul style="overflow: hidden; height: 0px;"> + <li class="page_item page-item-89"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=89" title="11-1 Key Objectives of EIA implementation and follow up">11-1 Key Objectives of EIA implementation and follow up</a></li> + <li class="page_item page-item-90"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=90" title="11-2 Tools for Environmental Management and Performance Review">11-2 Tools for Environmental Management and Performance Review</a></li> + <li class="page_item page-item-88"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=88" title="11-3 Monitoring">11-3 Monitoring</a> + <ul> + <li class="page_item page-item-171"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=171" title="Activity 11A – Implementation Management Planning">Activity 11A – Implementation Management Planning</a></li> + </ul> +</li> + <li class="page_item page-item-91"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=91" title="11-4 Environmental Auditing">11-4 Environmental Auditing</a> + <ul> + <li class="page_item page-item-172"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=172" title="Activity 11B – EMP and Audit Programme">Activity 11B – EMP and Audit Programme</a></li> + </ul> +</li> + <li class="page_item page-item-190"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=190" title="11-5 Evaluation of EIA Effectiveness and Performance">11-5 Evaluation of EIA Effectiveness and Performance</a></li> + <li class="page_item page-item-92"><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=92" title="11-6 Summary">11-6 Summary</a></li> +</ul> +</li> +<li class="page_item page-item-176"><span><a class="h" href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=176" title="References">References</a></span></li> +<li class="page_item page-item-177"><span><a class="h" href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=177" title="Definitions">Definitions</a></span></li> +<li class="page_item page-item-178"><span><a class="h" href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=178" title="Credits">Credits</a></span></li> + +</ul> + <script type="text/javascript"> + <!-- // + UNU.prepareNavigation(); + //--> + </script> +<form method="get" id="searchform" action="http://eia.unu.edu/course/"> +<div> +<input name="s" id="s" type="text"><input id="searchbtn" value="Search" type="submit"> +</div> +</form> + + </div> +<!-- end sidebar --> + + + +<div id="content"> + +<div id="padding"> + + + +<div class="post" id="post-110"> + <h1 class="storytitle">2-3 EIA Policy and Legislation <a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=110" rel="bookmark"></a></h1> + <div class="storycontent"> + <p>Examples of EIA legislation are available in the <a title="EIA Wiki" target="_blank" href="http://eia.unu.edu/wiki/">EIA Wiki</a> under <a title="EIA Systems" target="_blank" href="http://eia.unu.edu/wiki/index.php/EIA_Systems">EIA Systems</a>. Those specific legislation that have set precedents or have been used by other countries include: +</p> +<ul> +<li><a title="United States EIA System" target="_blank" href="http://eia.unu.edu/wiki/index.php/United_States">US National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA, 1969)</a> + </li> +<li><a title="New Zealand EIA System" target="_blank" href="http://eia.unu.edu/wiki/index.php/New_Zealand">New Zealand Resource Management Act (RMA, 1991)</a> + </li> +<li><a title="Canada EIA System" target="_blank" href="http://eia.unu.edu/wiki/index.php/Canada">Canadian Environmental Assessment Act (CEAA, 1993; proclaimed in 1995)</a> + </li> +<li><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/wiki/index.php/European_Union">European Commission (EC) Directive on EIA (1985, amended 1997)</a> + </li> +</ul> +<p>The requirements of the Directive are also reflected in the EIA +legislation, policy and institutional arrangements of countries beyond +the boundaries of the European Union, notably by applicant countries of +Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) which are bringing their own EIA +systems into line with them. In addition, the Directive can be expected +to influence EIA law making in other CEE countries in transition and may + have a more generalised influence as a relatively standardised, +commonly accepted, minimum process for EIA. +</p> +<p>The current Directive (97/11/EC) amends the earlier EIA Directive (85/337/EEC) and the key provisions include: +</p> +<ul> +<li>broad definition of the effects to be considered + </li> +<li>mandatory application for specified projects + </li> +<li>requirement to submit an EIA report + </li> +<li>types of information to be provided by developer + </li> +<li>outline of alternatives studied and reasons + </li> +<li>submission to be made available for public comment + </li> +<li>results of consultations and information must be taken into consideration in decision-making + </li> +<li>content and reasons for decisions made public detailed arrangements for public consultation to be drawn up by Member States + </li> +</ul> +<p><font size="2"><b>International environmental law and policy of relevance to EIA</b></font> +</p> +<p>As demonstrated, significant developments have taken place in +international environmental law and policy which are relevant to or +applicable by the EIA systems of all countries. These can be divided +into: +</p> +<ul> +<li>non-binding instruments, such as the Rio Declaration, that establish + important principles for sustainable development, including those which + need to be reflected in EIA arrangements (e.g. the application of the +precautionary principle); + </li> +<li>legal conventions and treaties related to environmental protection +at the global or regional level, which carry obligations for signatory +countries that may be met through EIA arrangements; and + </li> +<li>legal conventions and protocols that apply specifically to EIA +arrangements – of which the Espoo Convention is the most notable +example. + </li> +</ul> +<p>A number of international environmental agreements establish +substantive obligations on the countries that ratify them . The +Conventions on Climate Change and Biological Change are flagship +agreements because of their global scope, the importance of the issues +that are addressed and their ratification by a large number of +countries. EIA is specified as a mechanism for implementing certain +aspects of both agreements. More generally, it can ensure that the +proposed actions of signatory countries are in compliance with these and + other <a title="International Environmental Agreements - EIA Wiki" target="_blank" href="http://eia.unu.edu/wiki/index.php/International_Environmental_Agreements">international environmental agreements</a> (including those listed in the <a title="EIA Wiki" target="_blank" href="http://eia.unu.edu/wiki/">EIA Wiki</a>)<span style="background-color: rgb(255, 0, 0);"></span>. +</p> +<p> + +</p> +<p></p> + </div> + <div class="storycontent"> + </div> + <div class="meta">July 26, 2006 <a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?cat=1" title="View all posts in Uncategorized" rel="category">Uncategorized</a> — @ 12:42 pm </div> + <div class="feedback"> + <a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?page_id=110#respond" title="Comment on 2-3 EIA Policy and Legislation">Comments (0)</a> </div> + +</div> + + +<h2 id="comments">No Comments + <a href="#postcomment" title="Leave a comment">»</a> +</h2> + + <p>No comments yet.</p> + +<p><a href="http://eia.unu.edu/course/?feed=rss2&page_id=110"><abbr title="Really Simple Syndication">RSS</abbr> feed for comments on this post.</a> +</p> + +<h2 id="postcomment">Leave a comment</h2> + + +<form action="http://eia.unu.edu/course/wp-comments-post.php" method="post" id="commentform"> + + +<p><input name="author" id="author" size="22" tabindex="1" type="text"> +<label for="author"><small>Name (required)</small></label></p> + +<p><input name="email" id="email" size="22" tabindex="2" type="text"> +<label for="email"><small>Mail (will not be published) (required)</small></label></p> + +<p><input name="url" id="url" size="22" tabindex="3" type="text"> +<label for="url"><small>Website</small></label></p> + + +<!--<p><small><strong>XHTML:</strong> You can use these tags: <a href="" title=""> <abbr title=""> <acronym title=""> <b> <blockquote cite=""> <cite> <code> <del datetime=""> <em> <i> <q cite=""> <strike> <strong> </small></p>--> + +<p><textarea name="comment" id="comment" cols="100%" rows="10" tabindex="4"></textarea></p> + +<p> +<input name="comment_post_ID" value="110" type="hidden"> +</p> + <script type="text/javascript"> + var RecaptchaOptions = { theme : 'white', tabindex : 5 }; 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