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| -rw-r--r-- | assignment1/discussion.tex | 35 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | assignment1/main.tex | 24 |
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diff --git a/assignment1/discussion.tex b/assignment1/discussion.tex index 62644cb..8730545 100644 --- a/assignment1/discussion.tex +++ b/assignment1/discussion.tex @@ -61,20 +61,25 @@ low level \parencite{eia-state-of-the-art}. According to Impact Assessment Open Educational Resource.} ``there is little opportunity throughout the process of EIA for the public to be involved; where involvement is possible it is often limited due to -lack of resources (time and expertise)''. Some of the main barriers to -public participation cited by \textcite{eia-state-of-the-art} are: -poor knowledge of the public about the process; poor provision of -information; failure to influence the decision-making process; poor -execution of participation methods; and regulatory constraints. As a -review of resource consent processing performance in New Zealand -indicates, especially the latter three are significant obstacles to -public participation in New Zealand \parencite{TODO}. According to the -2010/11 survey of local authorities the New Zealand Ministry for the -Environment carries out every two years, only about 6 per cent of all -resource consents in the two-year period were notified in some way, -with only 4 per cent being publically notified \parencite{rma-survey}. - -- opportunities for public involvement? +lack of resources (time and expertise)''. + +% - opportunities for public involvement? + +Some of the main barriers to public participation cited by +\textcite{eia-state-of-the-art} are: poor knowledge of the public +about the process; poor provision of information; failure to influence +the decision-making process; poor execution of participation methods; +and regulatory constraints. As a review of resource consent processing +performance in New Zealand indicates, especially the latter three are +significant obstacles to public participation in New +Zealand \parencite{TODO}. % TODO + +According to the 2010/11 survey of local authorities the New Zealand +Ministry for the Environment carries out every two years, only about 6 +per cent of all resource consents in the two-year period were notified +in some way, with only 4 per cent being publically +notified \parencite{rma-survey}. + - limited opportunity for the public to influence decisions On the other hand, public participation ... leads to abuse, slow process miller2010implementing @@ -144,7 +149,7 @@ level + monitoring. rigorous limits on discharges etc. However, in practice, implementation of the Act is occurring slowly. Experience to date indicates that local governments still rely on project EIA rather than - undertaking policy and pian-level assessments, + undertaking policy and plan-level assessments, \end{quote} \subsection{TODO: Effective? Does EIA bring about sustainable development?} diff --git a/assignment1/main.tex b/assignment1/main.tex index c7e6756..18e4352 100644 --- a/assignment1/main.tex +++ b/assignment1/main.tex @@ -48,7 +48,16 @@ activities \parencite{principles}: TODO: important. Spend a little more time on this. \item[Impact analysis, mitigation, and evaluation of residual impacts.] - (TODO: Evaluation of the significance of residual impacts) + + The analysis of impacts and proposed actions to mitigate them is + one of the major steps in preparing environmental impact + statements. This step is usually performed by the proponents. How to + fairly establish the significance of residual impacts (i.e. impacts + that cannot be mitigated effectively but are also considered to be + minor) is frequently subject of debates. According to \textcite{wood}, + ``significance evaluation \ldots remains one of the most complex, + contentious, and least-understood aspects of EIA systems across the + globe''. \item[Reporting, independent review and decision-making.] TODO @@ -106,13 +115,14 @@ under the RMA - broad definition of ``environment'' is adopted ``Social Assessment'' (Taylor et al in the Green Book, chapter 25) + \begin{quote} - The New Zealand Resource Management Act (1991) is regarded by many as the - foremost and most innovative national legislation for environmental assessment in recent - years. This act has included mandatory requirements for the assessment of environmental - effects, with “social,” “cultural,” and “amenity values” clearly included in the definition - of environment. Also required are public involvement and community consultation, and - monitoring of effects once the plan or project has begun. + The New Zealand Resource Management Act (1991) ... has included + mandatory requirements for the assessment of environmental effects, + with “social,” “cultural,” and “amenity values” clearly included in + the definition of environment. Also required are public involvement + and community consultation, and monitoring of effects once the plan or + project has begun. \end{quote} % TODO: RMA and SEA |